Specific eligibility to master's programmes

Admission to the Master's programme in Animal Behaviour requires a strong background in biology, equivalent to a bachelor’s degree with at least one year of full-time studies in biology. All applications are assessed individually. The examples below are provided only as guidance.

Backgrounds that may be considered eligible

Applicants with a degree that includes substantial coursework in biology, for example:

• Bachelor’s degree in biology (general or with a focus on ecology, evolution, physiology, or similar)
• Bachelor’s degree in zoology
• Bachelor’s degree in life sciences (with at least one year of biology courses)
• Bachelor’s degree in psychology with a biological orientation (including sufficient biology coursework, such as neurobiology, animal behaviour)
• Other bachelor’s degree in the natural sciences, if they include the equivalent of one year of biology

Backgrounds that may not be considered eligible

Applicants whose studies have little or no focus on biology, for example:

• Bachelor’s degree in psychology without biology-related courses
• Bachelor’s degree in veterinary nursing, veterinary technician, or animal care (with limited theoretical biology coursework)
• Bachelor’s degree in agriculture, animal management, or environmental studies without extensive biology courses
• Bachelor’s degree in anthropology, sociology, or related social sciences
• Bachelor’s degree in humanities or education without biology-related courses

Admission to the Nordic Master’s Programme in Biodiversity and Systematics requires a strong background in biology, equivalent to a bachelor’s degree with at least one year of full-time studies in biology. All applications are assessed individually. The examples below are provided only as guidance.

Backgrounds that may be considered eligible

Applicants with a degree that includes substantial coursework in organismal biology, systematics, ecology, evolution, or biodiversity, for example:

• Bachelor’s degree in biology (general or with specialisation in ecology, evolution, systematics, organismal biology, botany, zoology)
• Bachelor’s degree in zoology or botany
• Bachelor’s degree in ecology or environmental biology (including organismal biology, biodiversity or taxonomic components)
• Bachelor’s degree in life sciences with at least one year of biology courses, including organismal and/or evolutionary biology
• Bachelor’s degree in marine biology or freshwater biology, if coursework includes biodiversity, taxonomy, or systematics
• Bachelor’s degree in natural resources or conservation biology, if supplemented with sufficient organismal biology courses
• Other Bachelor’s degree in the natural sciences, if it includes the equivalent of one year of biology and relevant coursework in systematics, biodiversity, evolution, or organism identification

Backgrounds that may not be considered eligible

Applicants whose studies have little or no focus on biology, or in which organismal and evolutionary biology are limited or absent, for example:

• Bachelor’s degree in molecular biology, biotechnology or biomedicine with limited coursework in organismal biology, ecology, or biodiversity
• Bachelor’s degree in environmental science, if primarily focused on policy, sustainability, GIS, or earth sciences rather than biological diversity
• Bachelor’s degree in veterinary nursing, animal care, or wildlife rehabilitation, if lacking theoretical biology and organismal coursework
• Bachelor’s degree in agriculture or forestry, without substantial coursework in biology, taxonomy, or ecology
• Bachelor’s degree in geography, geology, or earth sciences without biology-related courses
• Bachelor’s degree in social sciences, humanities, or education, without biology or environmental science courses

Admission to the Master’s Programme in Biology requires a strong background in biology, equivalent to a bachelor’s degree with at least one year of full-time studies in biology. Because this programme is broad and flexible, a wide range of biology-focused study backgrounds may qualify. All applications are assessed individually. The examples below are provided only as guidance.

Backgrounds that may be considered eligible

Applicants whose previous studies include substantial theoretical and practical coursework in biology, for example:

• Bachelor’s degree in biology (general or specialised, e.g. ecology, evolution, cell biology, molecular biology, physiology, microbiology)
• Bachelor’s degree in molecular biology, microbiology, biomedicine or biotechnology, if it includes at least one year of general Biology (e.g. ecology, organismal biology, evolution alongside molecular courses)
• Bachelor’s degree in ecology, environmental biology or earth and life sciences with sufficient biological coursework
• Bachelor’s degree in marine biology or aquatic biology
• Bachelor’s degree in life sciences, with one year of biology including relevant courses
• Other natural science degrees (e.g. chemistry, environmental science, geosciences) if supplemented with at least one year of full-time biology courses

Backgrounds that may not be considered eligible

• Applicants whose degrees contain limited Biology, or focus primarily on non-biological disciplines, for example:
• Bachelor’s degree in environmental science, if mainly oriented toward policy, sustainability, GIS, or earth sciences with limited biology
• Bachelor’s degree in veterinary nursing, animal care, or wildlife rehabilitation, with insufficient theoretical biology coursework
• Bachelor’s degree in pharmacy or biomedical laboratory science, with insufficient theoretical biology coursework
• Bachelor’s degree in agriculture, horticulture, or forestry, without substantial coursework in biology, ecology, genetics, or physiology
• Bachelor’s degree in chemistry, if not combined with at least one year of biology
• Bachelor’s degree in geography, geology, or earth sciences, without biology-related courses
• Bachelor’s degree in psychology, unless heavily biology-oriented and including a significant amount of biology courses
• Bachelor’s degree in humanities, social sciences, or education, without biology coursework

Admission to the Master’s Programme in Ecology and Biodiversity requires a strong background in Bbiology, equivalent to a Bachelor’s degree with at least one year of full-time studies in Biology. A solid foundation in ecology, evolution, organismal biology, and/or environmental biology is particularly relevant. All applications are assessed individually. The examples below are provided only as guidance.

Backgrounds that may be considered eligible

Applicants whose studies include substantial coursework in ecology, evolution, biodiversity, or organismal biology, for example:

• Bachelor’s degree in biology (general or with specialisation in ecology, evolutionary biology, organismal biology, conservation, biodiversity)
• Bachelor’s degree in ecology, environmental biology or earth and life sciences with strong ecological and biological components
• Bachelor’s degree in zoology or botany, including courses in ecology, systematics, evolution, or biodiversity
• Bachelor’s degree in marine biology, aquatic biology or fisheries science, if it includes relevant biology and ecology coursework
• Bachelor’s degree in life sciences, if it includes at least one year of biology including ecology/evolution courses
• Bachelor’s degree in environmental science, if it contains substantial coursework in biological subjects such as ecology, biodiversity, conservation biology, population biology, or organismal biology
• Other natural science degrees (e.g. geosciences, natural resources, forestry, agriculture) if combined with at least one year of full biology courses, especially ecology and evolution
• Bachelor’s degree in conservation biology or natural resource management, provided that the biological/ecological components are strong enough

Backgrounds that may not be considered eligible

Applicants whose prior studies focus mainly on non-biological or molecular disciplines, or lack sufficient ecological and organismal coursework, for example:

• Bachelor’s degree in molecular biology, biomedicine, biotechnology or cell biology, with limited coursework in ecology, evolution, or organismal biology
• Bachelor’s degree in environmental science, if primarily oriented toward sustainability, policy, climate governance, geoscience, or environmental law rather than biology
• Bachelor’s degree in veterinary nursing, animal care, wildlife rehabilitation, with limited theoretical biology and ecology coursework
• Bachelor’s degree in agriculture, horticulture or forestry, if lacking substantial biology, ecology or conservation-related courses
• Bachelor’s degree in geography, geology, or earth sciences, without biology-related courses
• Bachelor’s degree in psychology, unless biology-oriented and including significant biological coursework
• Bachelor’s degree in social sciences, humanities, or education, without biology courses

Admission to the Master’s Programme in Evolutionary Genomics requires a strong background in Biology, equivalent to a Bachelor’s degree with at least one year of full-time studies in Biology. A solid foundation in genetics, molecular biology, evolution, and/or bioinformatics is particularly relevant. All applications are assessed individually. The examples below are provided only as guidance.

Backgrounds that may be considered eligible

Applicants whose studies include substantial coursework in genetics, molecular biology, evolutionary biology, bioinformatics, or related areas, for example:

• Bachelor’s degree in biology (general or specialised, including evolution, genetics, genomics, molecular biology, cell biology, ecology)
• Bachelor’s degree in molecular biology, genetics, genomics, biotechnology or biomedicine, including coursework in evolution or population genetics
• Bachelor’s degree in microbiology, with relevant courses in genetics, genomics, or evolution
• Bachelor’s degree in life sciences, with at least one year of biology including molecular biology, genetics, and evolution
• Bachelor’s degree in bioinformatics, provided it includes sufficient biological coursework
• Bachelor’s degree in marine biology or aquatic biology, if combined with strong coursework in genetics/genomics/evolution
• Bachelor’s degree in pharmacy or biomedical laboratory science, if supplemented with relevant biology courses (e.g. molecular genetics, genomics, evolution)
• Other natural science degrees (e.g. biochemistry, biotechnology engineering) if combined with significant biology and molecular/genetic components

Backgrounds that may not be considered eligible

Applicants whose previous studies lack core biological and molecular coursework, or focus mainly on unrelated disciplines, for example:

• Bachelor’s degree in environmental science, if focused on sustainability, policy, or earth sciences with limited genetics, evolution, or molecular biology
• Bachelor’s degree in ecology/natural Resources/conservation, if missing molecular genetics or genomics-focused coursework
• Bachelor’s degree in veterinary nursing, animal care, or wildlife rehabilitation, with limited theoretical biology and genetics
• Bachelor’s degree in chemistry or physics, unless combined with substantial biology and molecular/evolution courses
• Bachelor’s degree in computer science, unless supplemented with significant biology, genetics, and evolution coursework
• Bachelor’s degree in psychology, unless strongly biology-oriented
• Bachelor’s degree in social sciences, humanities, or education, without biological studies

Admission to the Master’s Programme in Marine Biology requires a strong background in biology, equivalent to a Bachelor’s degree with at least one year of full-time studies in Biology. A solid foundation in ecology, organismal biology, marine biology, environmental science, or related fields is particularly relevant. All applications are assessed individually. The examples below are provided only as guidance.

Backgrounds that may be considered eligible

Applicants whose studies include substantial coursework in ecology, biodiversity, evolution, marine biology, aquatic ecology, physiology, or related areas, for example:

• Bachelor’s degree in biology, including courses in ecology, evolution, biodiversity, physiology or marine/aquatic biology

• Bachelor’s degree in marine biology or aquatic biology

• Bachelor’s degree in ecology, environmental biology or environmental science, if focused on ecology, biodiversity and organismal biology

• Bachelor’s degree in life sciences, provided it includes at least one year of biology (e.g. ecology, physiology, evolution)

• Bachelor’s degree in microbiology with relevant coursework in ecology, microbial ecology or aquatic systems

• Bachelor’s degree in fisheries science, aquaculture or related subjects with biology/ecology components

• Bachelor’s degree in earth or environmental sciences, if combined with substantial biology/ecology coursework

• Other natural science degrees (e.g. zoology, botany, biotechnology) if combined with significant biological and ecological studies

Backgrounds that may not be considered eligible

Applicants whose studies lack core biological and ecological coursework, or focus mainly on unrelated disciplines, for example:

• Bachelor’s degree in environmental science, if focused mainly on sustainability, policy, geoscience or environmental management with limited biology/ecology
• Bachelor’s degree in chemistry, physics or geoscience, unless supplemented with substantial biology/ecology courses
• Bachelor’s degree in computer science, rngineering or mathematics, unless combined with relevant biology-focused coursework
• Bachelor’s degree in veterinary nursing, animal care or wildlife rehabilitation, with limited theoretical biology and ecology
• Bachelor’s degree in social sciences, humanities, education or economics, without biological training
• Bachelor’s degree in psychology, unless strongly biology-oriented

Admission to the Master’s Programme in Microbiology requires a strong background in biology, including substantial coursework in microbiology, molecular biology, cell biology, biochemistry (including biochemistry) and genetics. A solid foundation in life sciences, biomedical sciences or related areas is particularly relevant. All applications are assessed individually. The examples below are provided only as guidance.

Backgrounds that may be considered eligible

Applicants whose studies include substantial coursework in microbiology, molecular biology, cell biology, genetics, chemistry including biochemistry, immunology, infection biology or related areas, for example:

• Bachelor’s degree in biology, with courses in microbiology, molecular biology, cell biology, biochemistry and genetics
• Bachelor’s degree in microbiology, biotechnology or molecular biosciences
• Bachelor’s degree in biomedical sciences/biomedicine, including laboratory-based courses and infection biology
• Bachelor’s degree in life sciences, if it includes strong components of cell biology, molecular biology and microbiology
• Bachelor’s degree in biochemistry, provided the programme contains relevant biology and microbiology coursework
• Bachelor’s degree in medical laboratory science, if it includes substantial microbiology and molecular biology
• Bachelor’s degree in pharmacy or pharmaceutical sciences, if combined with microbiology, molecular biology and biochemistry
• Bachelor’s degree in genetics or molecular biotechnology, with relevant microbiology components

Backgrounds that may not be considered eligible

Applicants whose studies lack core life-science and microbiology coursework, or whose focus is mainly on other scientific or technical areas, for example:

• Bachelor’s degree in environmental science, if focused mainly on sustainability, policy or geoscience rather than biology/microbiology
• Bachelor’s degree in chemistry, unless supplemented with substantial cell biology, molecular biology and microbiology courses
• Bachelor’s degree in biotechnology, if focused mostly on engineering or process technology with limited biological content
• Bachelor’s degree in physics, engineering or computer science, unless combined with significant life-science coursework
• Bachelor’s degree in psychology, veterinary nursing or animal care, if lacking molecular biology and microbiology
• Bachelor’s degree in geoscience or earth science, unless supplemented with biology- or microbiology-focused courses
• Bachelor’s degree in social sciences, humanities or education, without biological training

Admission to the Master’s Programme in Molecular Life Sciences requires a solid background in biology, including substantial coursework in molecular biology, cell biology, genetics, biochemistry, and related life-science subjects. Because the programme is broad and research-oriented, applicants need both theoretical knowledge and laboratory-based training. All applications are assessed individually. The examples below are provided only as guidance.

Backgrounds that may be considered eligible

Applicants whose studies include substantial coursework in molecular biology, cell biology, biochemistry, genetics, microbiology, developmental biology or related areas, for example:

• Bachelor’s degree in biology, with strong components in molecular biology, cell biology, biochemistry and genetics
• Bachelor’s degree in molecular biology, molecular biosciences, or biotechnology (biologically oriented)
• Bachelor’s degree in biomedicine/biomedical sciences, including laboratory-based courses in molecular and cellular processes
• Bachelor’s degree in biochemistry, if it includes cell biology, genetics and molecular biology
• Bachelor’s degree in microbiology, with complementary molecular/cell biology coursework
• Bachelor’s degree in life sciences, provided it contains substantial advanced biological and molecular content
• Bachelor’s degree in genetics or related molecular bioscience disciplines
• Bachelor’s degree in pharmacy or pharmaceutical sciences, if combined with molecular biology, biochemistry, cell biology and genetics
• Bachelor’s degree in medical laboratory science, with relevant courses in molecular and cellular biology

Backgrounds that may not be considered eligible

Applicants whose studies lack core molecular and cellular biology coursework, or whose focus is mainly on other scientific or technical fields, for example:

• Bachelor’s degree in chemistry, unless supplemented with substantial biology/molecular biology coursework
• Bachelor’s degree in biotechnology, if focused primarily on process engineering, chemistry or technology rather than biological sciences
• Bachelor’s degree in environmental science, if centred on sustainability, geoscience or policy rather than cellular/molecular biology
• Bachelor’s degree in agriculture, nutrition or food science, unless complemented by molecular/cell biology courses
• Bachelor’s degree in physics, engineering or computer science, unless combined with significant life-science studies
• Bachelor’s degree in psychology, veterinary nursing or animal science, if lacking molecular and cellular coursework
• Bachelor’s degree in geoscience or earth science, without biological components
• Bachelor’s degree in social sciences, humanities, law or education, without relevant scientific training